Android Introduction
What is Android?
• A software platform and operating system for mobile devices.
• As Smart phone OS, it is based on the Linux kernel.
• Android is Framework for developing mobile apps. Framework is set of Interfaces and classes .Framework follow the structure.
• Allows writing managed code in the Java language.
• Android is an open-source platform founded in October 2003 by Andy Rubin and backed by Google in November 2007. • Developed by Google and later the Open Handset Alliance (OHA). • Unveiling of the Android platform was announced on 5 November 2007(Android beta) with the founding of OHA.
Android Version & API Level:
Platform Version API Level VERSION_CODE
Android 4.4 19 KITKAT
Android 4.3 18 JELLY_BEAN_MR2
Android 4.2, 4.2.2 17 JELLY_BEAN_MR1
Android 4.1, 4.1.1 16 JELLY_BEAN
Android 4.0.3, 4.0.4 15 ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH_MR1
Android 4.0, 4.0.1, 4.0.2 14 ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH
Android 3.2 13 HONEYCOMB_MR2
Android 3.1.x 12 HONEYCOMB_MR1
Android 3.0.x 11 HONEYCOMB
Android 2.3.4 , Android 2.3.3 10 GINGERBREAD_MR1
Android 2.3.2 , Android 2.3.1, Android 2.3 9 GINGERBREAD
Android 2.2.x 8 FROYO
Android 2.1.x 7 ECLAIR_MR1
Android 2.0.1 6 ECLAIR_0_1
Android 2.0 5 ECLAIR
Android 1.6 4 DONUT
Android 1.5 3 CUPCAKE
Version History:
Android beta
The Android beta was released on 5 November 2007,while the software development kit(SDK) was released on 12 November 2007.
• Android 1.0
Android 1.0, the first commercial version of the software, was released on 23 September 2008.
• Android 1.1
On 9 February 2009, the Android 1.1 update was released, initially for the HTC Dream only. Android 1.1 was known as "Petit Four" internally, though this name was not used officially. The update resolved, changed the Android API and added a number of features.
• Android 1.5 Cupcake
Release on 30 April 2009, the Android 1.5 update was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.27. This was the first release to officially use a name based on a dessert ("Cupcake"), a theme which would be used for all releases henceforth. The update included several new features and UI amendments.
• Android 1.6 Donut
Release on 15 September 2009, the Android 1.6 SDK – dubbed Donut – was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.29.Included in the update were numerous new features.
• Android 2.0/2.1 Eclair
Release on 26 October 2009, the Android 2.0 SDK – codenamed Eclair – was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.29. Changes included
• Android 2.2.x Froyo
Release on 20 May 2010, Android 2.2 (Froyo, short for Frozen Yogurt) SDK was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.32
• Android 2.3.x Gingerbread
Release on 6 December 2010, the Android 2.3 (Gingerbread) SDK was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.35. Changes included
Google was expected to announce Jelly Bean 4.2 at an event in New York City on 29 October 2012, but the event was cancelled due to Hurricane Sandy. Instead of rescheduling the live event, Google announced the new version with a press release, under the slogan "A new flavor of Jelly Bean". The first devices to run Android 4.2 were LG‘s Nexus 4 and Samsung‘s Nexus 10, which were released on 13 November 2012.
• A software platform and operating system for mobile devices.
• As Smart phone OS, it is based on the Linux kernel.
• Android is Framework for developing mobile apps. Framework is set of Interfaces and classes .Framework follow the structure.
• Allows writing managed code in the Java language.
• Android is an open-source platform founded in October 2003 by Andy Rubin and backed by Google in November 2007. • Developed by Google and later the Open Handset Alliance (OHA). • Unveiling of the Android platform was announced on 5 November 2007(Android beta) with the founding of OHA.
Android Version & API Level:
Platform Version API Level VERSION_CODE
Android 4.4 19 KITKAT
Android 4.3 18 JELLY_BEAN_MR2
Android 4.2, 4.2.2 17 JELLY_BEAN_MR1
Android 4.1, 4.1.1 16 JELLY_BEAN
Android 4.0.3, 4.0.4 15 ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH_MR1
Android 4.0, 4.0.1, 4.0.2 14 ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH
Android 3.2 13 HONEYCOMB_MR2
Android 3.1.x 12 HONEYCOMB_MR1
Android 3.0.x 11 HONEYCOMB
Android 2.3.4 , Android 2.3.3 10 GINGERBREAD_MR1
Android 2.3.2 , Android 2.3.1, Android 2.3 9 GINGERBREAD
Android 2.2.x 8 FROYO
Android 2.1.x 7 ECLAIR_MR1
Android 2.0.1 6 ECLAIR_0_1
Android 2.0 5 ECLAIR
Android 1.6 4 DONUT
Android 1.5 3 CUPCAKE
Version History:
Android beta
The Android beta was released on 5 November 2007,while the software development kit(SDK) was released on 12 November 2007.
• Android 1.0
Android 1.0, the first commercial version of the software, was released on 23 September 2008.
• Android 1.1
On 9 February 2009, the Android 1.1 update was released, initially for the HTC Dream only. Android 1.1 was known as "Petit Four" internally, though this name was not used officially. The update resolved, changed the Android API and added a number of features.
• Android 1.5 Cupcake
Release on 30 April 2009, the Android 1.5 update was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.27. This was the first release to officially use a name based on a dessert ("Cupcake"), a theme which would be used for all releases henceforth. The update included several new features and UI amendments.
• Android 1.6 Donut
Release on 15 September 2009, the Android 1.6 SDK – dubbed Donut – was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.29.Included in the update were numerous new features.
• Android 2.0/2.1 Eclair
Release on 26 October 2009, the Android 2.0 SDK – codenamed Eclair – was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.29. Changes included
• Android 2.2.x Froyo
Release on 20 May 2010, Android 2.2 (Froyo, short for Frozen Yogurt) SDK was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.32
• Android 2.3.x Gingerbread
Release on 6 December 2010, the Android 2.3 (Gingerbread) SDK was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.35. Changes included
Google was expected to announce Jelly Bean 4.2 at an event in New York City on 29 October 2012, but the event was cancelled due to Hurricane Sandy. Instead of rescheduling the live event, Google announced the new version with a press release, under the slogan "A new flavor of Jelly Bean". The first devices to run Android 4.2 were LG‘s Nexus 4 and Samsung‘s Nexus 10, which were released on 13 November 2012.
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